Most Important Quetions In Linear and Digital Integrated Circuits

UNIT-1

1. Classification of ic’s (8)
2. Explain epitaxial growth, Photolithography process (8)
3. Fabrication of resistor, capacitor, diode, transistor(by giving sample circuits) (16)
4. Isolation techniques

---

Unit -2 1. Explain Block diagram of op-amp (8)
2. Explain ac characteristics of op-amp (8)
3. Explain application of op-amp as integrator and diffrentiator ( read all applications )(8)

---

Unit 3 1. Explain three op-amp instrumentation amplifier with diagram (16)
2. Explain op-amp as comparator (8)
3. Explain D/A convertors (8)
4. Explain A/D convertors using any two methods /(16)

---

Unit 4

1 .explain ic 565 with neat block diagram (16)
2. explain application of ic 555 timer (16)
3. explain functional block diagram of ic 555 timer.(8)

---

Unit -5

1. Explain ic voltage regulator with neat sketch (16)
2. Explain ic 8038 with neat block diagram (16)
3. 3. Explain switching regulators (16)

---

TIPS :
Be knowledgeable in all IC pin details .this will surely help u to get more marks in first unit study all base planar process. So that u can attend both part A and part B question.
In case of 4th unit , study both PLL and VCO question so that u can attend one part B question (99%). In 5^th unit ,study function generator and switching regulator (especially )..it may come surely ....

---

important quetions For Data Structures unit Wise

UNIT-I

• Algorithm analysis and complexities
• Design methodologies and implementation of recursion
• C programs using recursion( GCD,FACTORIAL,TOWERS OF HANOI)
• List Search( Binary and Linear)

UNIT-II

• Heap sort
• bubble sort
• quick sort
• merge sort.

UNIT-III

• Priority queue implementation
• applications of stack
•  representation of stack and queue using arrays and linked list
•  ADT operations of stack and queue

UNIT-V

• What is binary tree ? explain about representation of binary tree using arrays and linked list.
• Explain different operations of binary tree.
• Binary Tree travels( In-order,preorder,post order).

• Graph representation using adjacency matrix and linked list( adjacency list).
•  Depth first and Breadth first search algorithms and examples.
• Dijkstra's shortest path algorithm with an examples.Does the algorithm work for paths of negative values? explain.
• Prism algorithms for the following tree( following fig updated later)
• Warshall's algorithms and how do you find the minimum spanning tree for a tree    

Important Quetions for Data Structures

Principles of programming language important quetions unit wise

PPL IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

UNIT-I

1.Explain in detail about various language evaluation criteria and the characteristics that affect them.

2. Explain the process of compilation.

3 Explain about various programming domains.

4 What are the factors that influence the basic design of programming languages?

5 Explain in detail about various language implementation methods.

6. Explain the Language categories.

UNIT-II

1. Distinguish between language generators and language recognizers.

2 Give grammar for simple assignment statements.  Give an unambiguous grammar for if-then-else statement

3.Give BNF and EBNF versions of an expression grammar.

4. Explain about attribute grammars in detail

5.What do you mean by denotational semantic? Give denotational semantics of a simple logical loop.

6. What do you mean by axiomatic semantics? Give the weakest precondition for a sequence of statements

7.Compute the weakest precondition for each of the following assignment statements and post conditions:

a) a=2*(b-1)-1 {a>0}

b) b=(c+10)/3 {b>6}

c) a=a+2*b-1 {a>1}

d) x=2*y+x-1 {x>11}.

8. Distinguish between general language generator and general language recognizer.

9. Describe the basic concept of denotational semantics.

UNIT-III

1 Distinguish between static scoping and dynamic scoping with an example.

2. Explain about user defined ordinal types.

3.Explain about associative arrays.

4. What do you mean by type coercion? Define narrowing and widening conversions

5. Distinguish between name type compatibility and structure type compatibility.

6. Define static, fixed stack-dynamic, stack-dynamic, fixed heap-dynamic and heap-dynamic arrays. What are the advantages of each?

7. Explain about subscript bindings and various array categories

8. Explain the concept of pointers.

UNIT-IV

1. Explain about iteration based on data structures.

2.What are guarded commands?

3.What do you mean by a functional side-effect?

4. What are the design issues of multiple selection constructs?

5What is a mixed mode expression?

6 What are the design issues for logically controlled loop statements

7.What are the design issues for selection structures?

8.What is a short-circuit evaluation?

9. Define functional side effect. How does operand evaluation order interact with functional side effects?

                                                             Unit-5



Explain the basic

primitives of LISP. Give suitable examples

127



Explain the operations that can be performed on atoms & lists in LISP



Discuss basic elements of LISP. Give ex



Write a lisp fn which computes nth Fibonacci number



Explain ML inferencing process



Explain about the

datatypes and their values in python.



What is the importance of module library in python.



What is the difference between a tuple and a list ?



Explain the main features of Imperative Languages.



Write a detail note on functions in ML.

software engineering important Quetions Unit Wise

Software Engineering

Btech StuFFs

Unit-1

  1.  Explain the evolving role of software? 

2 .Define software and explain the various characteristics of software? 

3 .Describe “Software myth”? Discuss on various types of software

myths and the true aspects of these myths?

4 Explain software Engineering? Explain the software engineering

layers? 

5 Explain in detail the capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI)? 

6

Describe with the help of the diagram discuss in detail waterfall

model. Give certain reasons for its failure?

7 Explain briefly on (a) the incremental model (b) The RAD Model? 

8) Explain the Spiral model in detail? 

9

Describe With the help of the diagram explain the concurrent

development model?

10 Explain unified process? Elaborate on the unified process work

products?

11 Explain specialized process models?

12 Explain different software applications? 

13 Explain the paradigms do you think would be most effective? Why?

14 Explain product and process are related? 

15 Explain personal and team process models? 

Unit-2

Write short notes on user requirements. What are requirements? 

2 Compare functional requirements with nonfunctional requirements? 

3 Discuss system requirements in a detail manner? 

4 Explain requirement engineering process? 

5 Discuss briefly how requirement validation is done? 

6

Discuss your knowledge of how an ATM is used; develop a set of

use-cases that could serve as a basis for understanding the

requirements for an ATM system?

Explain SRS document and explain along with its contents?

15 Explain interface specification in detail? 

16 Discuss how requirements are felicitated and validated in software

project?

17 Discuss how feasibility studies are important in requirement

engineering process?

18 Demonstrate class hierarchy for library by using interface

specification?

19 Explain inheritance model?

20 Explain state machine model with a suitable example? 

Unit-3

Explain a two level process? Why should system design be finished

before the detailed design, rather starting the detailed design after the

requirements specification? Explain with the help of a suitable

example

2

Discuss briefly the following fundamental concepts of software

design:

i) Abstraction

ii) Modularity

iii) Information hiding

3

Explain briefly the following:

i) Coupling between the modules,

ii) The internal Cohesion of a module

4

Discuss the fundamental principles of structured design. Write notes

on transform analysis?

5 Explain software architecture in a detail manner?

Elaborate modeling component level design? 

18 Describe mapping data flow into software architecture? 

19 Explain the guide lines of component level design? 

20 Describe the way of conducting a component level design? 

Unit-4

Explain about the importance of test strategies for conventional

software?

2 Discuss black box testing in a detailed view?

3 Compare black box testing with white box testing?

4 Compare validation testing and system testing? 

5 Discuss software quality factors? Discuss their relative importance?

6 Discuss an overview of quality metrics? 

7

7.Explain should we perform the Validation test – the software

developer or the software user? Justify your answer?

8 Explain about Product metrics? 

9.Demonstrate art of debugging 

 10 Dis cuss a framework for product metrics

11 Demonstrate metrics for analysis model 

12 List the metrics for the design model 

13. Describe metrics for source code and for testing

UNIT - V

Explain about software risks? Knowledge 8

2

Elaborate the concepts of Risk management Reactive vs Proactive

Risk strategies?

3 Explain about RMMM Plan? 

4 Explain about Quality concepts? 

5 Explain software quality assurance? 

6 Explain about formal technical reviews? 

7 Explain in detail ISO 9000 quality standards?

8 Discuss risk refinement? 

9 Compare reactive with proactive risk strategies? 

10 Discuss software reliability? Understand 9

11 Briefly explain about formal approaches to SQA?

12 Demonstrate statistical SQA? 

AWP Important quetions and Concepts Must Read

UNIT I: ANTENNA FUNDAMENTALS

Radiation pattern

Beam solid angle

Directivity

Gain

Polarization

Reciprocity

Effective aperture

Vector effective length

Antenna temperature.

UNIT II WIRE ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA ARRAYS

Short dipole

Radiation resistance and Directivity

Small loop antennas

Linear Array and Pattern Multiplication

Two-element Array

UNIT III APERTURE ANTENNAS

Uniqueness theorem

Field equivalence principle

Duality principle

Slot antenna

Horn Antenna

Reflector Antenna-Flat reflector

Lens Antenna.

UNIT IV SPECIAL ANTENNAS AND ANTENNA MEASUREMENTS

Rhombic Antenna

Yagi-Uda Antenna

Helical Antenna

Biconical Antenna

Log periodic Dipole Array

Radiation Pattern measurement

Gain and Directivity Measurements

UNIT V RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION

Ground Wave Propagation

Free-space Propagation

Structure of ionosphere

Skip distance

Virtual height

MUF

Effects of earth’s magnetic fields,

Faraday rotation,

Whistlers.

VLSI DESIGN